Museo Ostetrico, Bologna

Pope Benedict XIV, after having obtained a surgeon's kit and scientific material from the scholar G. A. Galli, had the Obstetrics Museum set up for Bologna's Institute of Science. In the museum's rooms anatomical parts are on display as are the surgical instruments which were used in medical operations at the time. 16th-century surgery led to important developments in research - you only have to look at the extreme precision with which reproductions of foetuses were produced.